David Packham's advice
David Packham is a member of Forest Fire (Victoria) Inc. For many years he was a scientist involved in bushfire research at CSIRO. Now retired, David's expertise is frequently called upon in many areas concerning fire and the environment.
The threat to Victoria of bushfires.
In Australia, which is acknowledged as one of the three most fire prone areas in the world, Victoria faces the greatest threat. During this century some 500 people have perished in bushfire in Australia and of these about 350 have been in Victoria. The life loss in Victoria is thus about 4 persons per year. The apparently modest annual life loss does not reflect the horror and distress caused by the enormously destructive bushfire episodes that occur every twenty years or so. When weather, fuel and ignition come together on extreme fire danger days there is very little that can be done to escape the holocaust that follows.
There are very serious economic threats from fire disaster episodes and these are concerned with the potential destruction of our timber industry and a potential decrease to our harvestable water supplies of up to 50% for some decades. These issues can and should be explored in the context of recommending the level of effort that is rational to apply to our bushfire problem hopefully through improved prevention.
The are two potentially successful strategies to contain the bushfire threat. The first is to manage our forest fuels with dedication and vigour. This is a difficult and costly exercise but is likely to be the most effective and economic risk management strategy available. The second strategy is to be applied when fuel management alone is not enough is to be capable of mounting a rapid first attack and combat wildfires when they are still small enough to be controlled. It is certain that if a fire escapes on an extreme day from the first attack there are no forces available that can control it until weather or fuel abate.
The first serious analysis of our fire problem was the magnificent Stretton Royal Commission into the 1939 fires. His report lead to the formation of the Country Fire Authority and the report still contains conclusions and understanding that is essential reading as we grapple with the problem. The other strategic reviews have been the Barber Royal Commission into the 1978 Grass fires, the Miller report into the 1983 fires and the Australian, Institute of Engineers also into the 1983 fires and the Report of the Auditor General into the capacity of the Department of Conservation and Natural Resources (now NRE) to control forest fires.
There is a need to review the total fire control strategies for all of the State in view of changes in technologies, public administration, scarcity of forest resources, and the economic stress on the rural sector and public expectations. I suggest that a review address the need for much increased fuel management and the restructuring of fire fighting in Victoria into three organisations. The first to be responsible for fire management in our cities. The second responsible for fuel and fire management in our forest areas and the third to be our volunteer fire brigades responsible for community self-protection on small private lands and small towns and villages.
There are complex questions to be resolved not the least is the relationship of fire management with other emergency services eg. road rescue, transport accidents and spills, large plant protection and timber plantations. A review that is independent is necessary, as nothing else will achieve for Victoria a total fire management system that could meet our needs beyond 2000.
Victorian Nationals leader Peter Ryan
Victorian Labor Leader Steve Bracks
Federal Greens Leader Bob Brown
